use core::ops::Range;

use kernel_arch::mem::PhysicalMemoryAllocator;
use libk_mm_interface::address::{FromRaw, IntoRaw, PhysicalAddress};
use libk_util::{sync::IrqSafeSpinlock, OneTimeInit};
use yggdrasil_abi::{error::Error, system::SystemMemoryStats};

use crate::{
    phys::{
        manager::BITMAP_WORD_SIZE,
        reserved::{is_reserved, reserve_region},
    },
    L2_PAGE_SIZE, L3_PAGE_SIZE,
};

use self::manager::{PhysicalMemoryManager, TRACKED_PAGE_LIMIT};

mod manager;
pub mod reserved;

pub struct GlobalPhysicalAllocator;

/// Defines an usable memory region
#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug)]
pub struct PhysicalMemoryRegion {
    /// Start of the region
    pub base: PhysicalAddress,
    /// Length of the region
    pub size: usize,
}

// 8 * 4096 bits per page, 1 page per bit
const MEMORY_UPPER_LIMIT: PhysicalAddress = PhysicalAddress::from_raw(TRACKED_PAGE_LIMIT * 4096);

/// Global physical memory manager
pub static PHYSICAL_MEMORY: OneTimeInit<IrqSafeSpinlock<PhysicalMemoryManager>> =
    OneTimeInit::new();

impl PhysicalMemoryRegion {
    /// Returns the end address of the region
    pub const fn end(&self) -> PhysicalAddress {
        self.base.add(self.size)
    }

    /// Returns an address range covered by the region
    pub fn range(&self) -> Range<PhysicalAddress> {
        self.base..self.end()
    }

    /// Constrains the [PhysicalMemoryRegion] to global memory limits set in the kernel
    pub fn clamp(self, limit: PhysicalAddress) -> Option<(PhysicalAddress, PhysicalAddress)> {
        let start = self.base.min(limit);
        let end = self.end().min(limit);

        if start < end {
            Some((start, end))
        } else {
            None
        }
    }
}

impl PhysicalMemoryAllocator for GlobalPhysicalAllocator {
    type Address = PhysicalAddress;

    fn allocate_page() -> Result<Self::Address, Error> {
        alloc_page()
    }

    fn allocate_contiguous_pages(count: usize) -> Result<Self::Address, Error> {
        alloc_pages_contiguous(count)
    }

    unsafe fn free_page(page: Self::Address) {
        free_page(page)
    }
}

/// Allocates a single physical page from the global manager
pub fn alloc_page() -> Result<PhysicalAddress, Error> {
    PHYSICAL_MEMORY.get().lock().alloc_page()
}

/// Allocates a contiguous range of physical pages from the global manager
pub fn alloc_pages_contiguous(count: usize) -> Result<PhysicalAddress, Error> {
    PHYSICAL_MEMORY.get().lock().alloc_contiguous_pages(count)
}

/// Allocates a single 2MiB page of physical memory from the global manager
pub fn alloc_2m_page() -> Result<PhysicalAddress, Error> {
    PHYSICAL_MEMORY.get().lock().alloc_2m_page()
}

/// Returns physical memory stats
pub fn stats() -> SystemMemoryStats {
    PhysicalMemoryManager::stats()
}

/// Deallocates a physical memory page.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// `addr` must be a page-aligned physical address previously allocated by this implementation.
pub unsafe fn free_page(addr: PhysicalAddress) {
    PHYSICAL_MEMORY.get().lock().free_page(addr)
}

fn physical_memory_range<I: Iterator<Item = PhysicalMemoryRegion>>(
    it: I,
) -> Option<(PhysicalAddress, PhysicalAddress)> {
    let mut start = PhysicalAddress::MAX;
    let mut end = PhysicalAddress::MIN;

    for (reg_start, reg_end) in it.into_iter().filter_map(|r| r.clamp(MEMORY_UPPER_LIMIT)) {
        if reg_start < start {
            start = reg_start;
        }
        if reg_end > end {
            end = reg_end;
        }
    }

    if start == PhysicalAddress::MAX || end == PhysicalAddress::MIN {
        None
    } else {
        Some((start, end))
    }
}

/// Locates a contiguous region of available physical memory within the memory region list
pub fn find_contiguous_region<I: Iterator<Item = PhysicalMemoryRegion>>(
    it: I,
    count: usize,
) -> Option<PhysicalAddress> {
    for (reg_start, reg_end) in it.into_iter().filter_map(|r| r.clamp(MEMORY_UPPER_LIMIT)) {
        let mut collected = 0;
        let mut base_addr = None;

        for addr in (reg_start..reg_end).step_by(L3_PAGE_SIZE) {
            if is_reserved(addr) {
                collected = 0;
                base_addr = None;
                continue;
            }
            if base_addr.is_none() {
                base_addr = Some(addr);
            }
            collected += 1;
            if collected == count {
                return base_addr;
            }
        }
    }
    todo!()
}
//
/// Initializes physical memory manager from given available memory region iterator.
///
/// 1. Finds a non-reserved range to place the page tracking array.
/// 2. Adds all non-reserved pages to the manager.
///
/// # Safety
///
/// The caller must ensure this function has not been called before and that the regions
/// are valid and actually available.
pub unsafe fn init_from_iter<
    I: Iterator<Item = PhysicalMemoryRegion> + Clone,
    Map: FnOnce(I, PhysicalAddress, PhysicalAddress) -> Result<(), Error>,
>(
    it: I,
    map_physical_memory: Map,
) -> Result<(), Error> {
    // Map the physical memory
    let (phys_start, phys_end) = physical_memory_range(it.clone()).unwrap();

    reserve_region("kernel", kernel_physical_memory_region());

    map_physical_memory(it.clone(), phys_start, phys_end)?;

    let total_count = (phys_end - phys_start) / L3_PAGE_SIZE;
    let page_bitmap_size = (total_count + BITMAP_WORD_SIZE - 1) / (BITMAP_WORD_SIZE / 8);
    let page_bitmap_page_count = (page_bitmap_size + L3_PAGE_SIZE - 1) / L3_PAGE_SIZE;

    let page_bitmap_phys_base = find_contiguous_region(it.clone(), page_bitmap_page_count).unwrap();

    reserve_region(
        "page-bitmap",
        PhysicalMemoryRegion {
            base: page_bitmap_phys_base,
            size: page_bitmap_page_count * L3_PAGE_SIZE,
        },
    );

    if IntoRaw::<usize>::into_raw(phys_start) & (L2_PAGE_SIZE - 1) != 0 {
        todo!();
    }

    let mut manager =
        PhysicalMemoryManager::new(page_bitmap_phys_base, phys_start.into_raw(), total_count);
    let mut collected = 0;
    const MAX_MEMORY: usize = 64 * 1024;

    for (start, end) in it.into_iter().filter_map(|r| r.clamp(MEMORY_UPPER_LIMIT)) {
        for page in (start..end).step_by(L3_PAGE_SIZE) {
            if collected >= MAX_MEMORY {
                break;
            }

            if is_reserved(page) {
                continue;
            }

            manager.add_available_page(page);
            collected += 1;
        }
    }

    PHYSICAL_MEMORY.init(IrqSafeSpinlock::new(manager));

    Ok(())
}

fn kernel_physical_memory_region() -> PhysicalMemoryRegion {
    use core::ptr::addr_of;

    extern "C" {
        static __kernel_start: u8;
        static __kernel_end: u8;
    }

    let start = unsafe { addr_of!(__kernel_start) };
    let end = unsafe { addr_of!(__kernel_end) };

    let base = PhysicalAddress::from_raw(start.addr() - kernel_arch::KERNEL_VIRT_OFFSET);
    let size = end.addr() - start.addr();

    PhysicalMemoryRegion { base, size }
}

#[no_mangle]
fn __allocate_page() -> Result<PhysicalAddress, Error> {
    alloc_page()
}

#[no_mangle]
fn __allocate_contiguous_pages(count: usize) -> Result<PhysicalAddress, Error> {
    alloc_pages_contiguous(count)
}

#[no_mangle]
unsafe fn __free_page(page: PhysicalAddress) {
    free_page(page)
}